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January 9, 2023 02:09 am GMT

Fix rustup failed with "error: linker `cc` not found" on Alpine Linux 3.17 (Rust 1.66)

Summary

Alpine Linux offers Rustup package as well as Rust.

I built the development environment of Rust on Alpine Linux with Docker.

Well, on the way, I met the error below when testing a cargo project:

$ cargo run

The output was:

   Compiling alpine-rust-example v0.1.0 (/(...)/alpine-rust-example)error: linker `cc` not found  |  = note: No such file or directory (os error 2)error: could not compile `alpine-rust-example` due to previous error

This post shows how to fix it.

Environment

Solution

* Below, doas can be replaced with sudo.

Start Docker container

Dockerfile example:

FROM alpine:3.17# ports publishedEXPOSE 80EXPOSE 443# packages baseRUN apk update --no-cacheRUN apk upgrade --no-cacheRUN apk add --no-cache openrc# rustRUN apk add --no-cache rustup# [ init system - activate OpenRC ]ENTRYPOINT ["/sbin/init"]

Docker command line examples:

$ # build in the directory where Dockerfile exists$ docker build .$ # get the image id$ docker image ls$ # start container$ docker start $IMAGE_ID$ # get the container id$ docker container ls$ # enter vm$ docker exec -it $CONTAINER_ID sh

Install Rust via Rustup

$ doas apk add rustup

The output was:

fetch https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.17/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gzfetch https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.17/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz(1/6) Installing ca-certificates (20220614-r3)(2/6) Installing brotli-libs (1.0.9-r9)(3/6) Installing nghttp2-libs (1.51.0-r0)(4/6) Installing libcurl (7.87.0-r0)(5/6) Installing libgcc (12.2.1_git20220924-r4)(6/6) Installing rustup (1.25.1-r0)Executing busybox-1.35.0-r29.triggerExecuting ca-certificates-20220614-r3.triggerOK: 18 MiB in 24 packages

Then run:

$ rustup-init

You will be asked as below. Proceed with the default option:

Welcome to Rust!This will download and install the official compiler for the Rustprogramming language, and its package manager, Cargo.Rustup metadata and toolchains will be installed into the Rustuphome directory, located at:  /(...)/.rustupThis can be modified with the RUSTUP_HOME environment variable.The Cargo home directory is located at:  /(...)/.cargoThis can be modified with the CARGO_HOME environment variable.The cargo, rustc, rustup and other commands will be added toCargo's bin directory, located at:  /(...)/.cargo/binThis path will then be added to your PATH environment variable bymodifying the profile file located at:  /(...)/.profileYou can uninstall at any time with rustup self uninstall andthese changes will be reverted.Current installation options:   default host triple: x86_64-unknown-linux-musl     default toolchain: stable (default)               profile: default  modify PATH variable: yes1) Proceed with installation (default)2) Customize installation3) Cancel installation>

The output was:

info: profile set to 'default'info: default host triple is x86_64-unknown-linux-muslinfo: syncing channel updates for 'stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl'info: latest update on 2022-12-15, rust version 1.66.0 (69f9c33d7 2022-12-12)info: downloading component 'cargo'(...)info: downloading component 'clippy'(...)info: downloading component 'rust-docs'(...)info: downloading component 'rust-std'(...)info: downloading component 'rustc'(...)info: downloading component 'rustfmt'info: installing component 'cargo'info: installing component 'clippy'info: installing component 'rust-docs'(...)info: installing component 'rust-std'(...)info: installing component 'rustc'(...)info: installing component 'rustfmt'info: default toolchain set to 'stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl'  stable-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl installed - rustc 1.66.0 (69f9c33d7 2022-12-12)Rust is installed now. Great!To get started you may need to restart your current shell.This would reload your PATH environment variable to includeCargo's bin directory ($HOME/.cargo/bin).To configure your current shell, run:source "$HOME/.cargo/env"

Lastly, run to update $PATH:

$ source "$HOME/.cargo/env"

Now Rust is in your hands :)

Create a cargo project (and building it will fail)

Create an example project:

$ cargo new alpine-rust-example

The output was:

     Created binary (application) `alpine-rust-example` package

Enter:

$ cd alpine-rust-example

Then run:

$ cargo run

It will fail with:

   Compiling alpine-rust-example v0.1.0 (/(...)/alpine-rust-example)error: linker `cc` not found  |  = note: No such file or directory (os error 2)error: could not compile `alpine-rust-example` due to previous error

Fix it

You can fix it by installing build-base package:

# apk add build-base# #apk add gcc       # alternative (not recomended)

The output was:

fetch https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.17/main/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gzfetch https://dl-cdn.alpinelinux.org/alpine/v3.17/community/x86_64/APKINDEX.tar.gz(1/19) Installing libstdc++ (12.2.1_git20220924-r4)(2/19) Installing binutils (2.39-r2)(3/19) Installing libmagic (5.43-r0)(4/19) Installing file (5.43-r0)(5/19) Installing libgomp (12.2.1_git20220924-r4)(6/19) Installing libatomic (12.2.1_git20220924-r4)(7/19) Installing gmp (6.2.1-r2)(8/19) Installing isl25 (0.25-r0)(9/19) Installing mpfr4 (4.1.0-r0)(10/19) Installing mpc1 (1.2.1-r1)(11/19) Installing gcc (12.2.1_git20220924-r4)(12/19) Installing libstdc++-dev (12.2.1_git20220924-r4)(13/19) Installing musl-dev (1.2.3-r4)(14/19) Installing libc-dev (0.7.2-r3)(15/19) Installing g++ (12.2.1_git20220924-r4)(16/19) Installing make (4.3-r1)(17/19) Installing fortify-headers (1.1-r1)(18/19) Installing patch (2.7.6-r8)(19/19) Installing build-base (0.5-r3)Executing busybox-1.35.0-r29.triggerOK: 254 MiB in 43 packages

Note: Why build-base instead of gcc

The minimal installation required is just gcc. It's a part of build-base.
gcc may be able to fix the problem in this post.

To install only gcc is, however, not recommended, because either musl-dev or libc-dev will be perhaps necessary in addition soon later.

For example, when building an Actix Web server, which is a Rust web framework using actors communication, build-base must be required.

Conclusion

Let's run cargo run (or cargo build) again:

# cargo run

Will surely get a little happier :)

   Compiling alpine-rust-example v0.1.0 (/(...)/alpine-rust-example)    Finished dev [unoptimized + debuginfo] target(s) in 0.15s     Running `target/debug/alpine-rust-example`Hello, world!

Original Link: https://dev.to/nabbisen/fix-rustup-failed-with-error-linker-cc-not-found-on-alpine-linux-317-rust-166-jam

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