Array.flatMap() - for applying a map and a flat on an array

This article is the seventh of the Array Method Series. In this article, I will explain the flatMap Array method.

What is the FlatMap Method?

The flatMap method of arrays is a higher-order function that applies a map and a flat on an array. That is, .map().flat().

An array map method is used for for mapping items in an array, while an array flat method is used for flatting nested arrays within an array

The flatMap method maps each item in an array and flattens the final array by one depth level.

This method does not modify the array.

Syntax of the Some Method

array.flatMap(function(item, index, array){  // do some things on the item  // return an array or item})// the final array will be flattened// by 1 depth

The callbackFunction passed to the flatMap method is applied to each item in the array during the loop, and the final array after the loop is flattened by one depth level.

The arguments passed to the callback function in each loop are the item, the index of the item, and the original array.

Before I show you how to use the flatMap method, let me first show you how to achieve the function of this method by using a map and a flat.

Without the FlatMap Method

The flatMap method is an abstracted function that maps through an array and flattens the result. Here's how to do without this method:

const array = [1, 2, 3, 4]// the mappingconst newArray = array.map(item => {  return [item, item*2]})console.log(newArray)// [ [ 1, 2 ], [ 2, 4 ], [ 3, 6 ], [ 4, 8 ] ]// the flatteningconst flattenedArray = newArray.flat()console.log(flattenedArray)// [1, 2, 2, 4, 3, 6, 4, 8]

This code is similar to what the flatMap method does in the background. The map method loops through each item and returns a value for the final array. The flat method loops through recursively and flattens the final array by one depth level.

With the FlatMap Method

Here's how you achieve the previous result with flatMap:

const array = [1, 2, 3, 4]const newArray = flatMap(item => {  return [item, item*2]})console.log(newArray)// [1, 2, 2, 4, 3, 6, 4, 8]

More straightforward. The difference between the flat in flatMap and the flat in flat is that the former does not allow you to specify a depth, while the latter allows you to. flatMap only does flattening for a depth of one level.

You may be wondering what the difference is between using a map and a flat (map().flat()) and using flatMap. Well, apart from the fact that flatMap is lesser lines of code and is more concise, it is slightly more efficient than doing two loops (calling map and flat separately, according to MDN)