Lizards have been playing a big game of rock paper scissors for millions of years

Evolutionary biology has all sorts of goofy-sounding titles (the sexy son hypothesis! The gay uncle hypothesis!) but my favorite is the "rock paper scissors" mating mechanism of the common side-blotched lizard.

The lizards, which roam the deserts in Nothern Mexico and the American West, come in three colors which correspond to behavior:

Orange-throated: bigger, have large territories, pursue many females

Blue-throated: smaller, have small territories, pursue one female

Yellow-throated: dubbed the "sneakers," they resemble females and can sneak into the territories of other males, swooping in and "stealing" unattended female lizards

As described in the original 1996 study published in Nature, the lizards form their own unwinnable game of rock paper scissors: the ultradominant orange lizards will beat the monogamous blues, but because the orange-throated lizards have such a huge territory, the sneaky yellows can swoop in as Mr. — Read the rest